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1.实验原理
DCMI(Digital Camera Interface),DCMI是一个同步并行接口,能够从外部8bit、10bit、12bit或14bit的CMOS摄像头接收高速数据流,支持不同的数据格式:YCbCr4:2:2/RGB565渐进式视频和压缩数据(JPEG)。 FS-MP1A可以外接8bit的COM Camera,接口定义如下: 接口与MPU管脚对应关系如下:
参考文档: Documentation/devicetree/bindings/media/st,stm32-dcmi.txt Documentation/devicetree/bindings/media/video-interfaces.txt 内核中ST对STM32MP15x系列芯片的设备树资源了做了定义,可参见: arch/arm/boot/dts/stm32mp151.dtsi stm32mp151中dcmi定义如下: dcmi: dcmi@4c006000 { compatible = "st,stm32-dcmi"; reg = <0x4c006000 0x400>; interrupts = resets = <&rcc CAMITF_R>; clocks = <&rcc DCMI>; clock-names = "mclk"; dmas = <&dmamux1 75 0x400 0xe0000001>; dma-names = "tx"; status = "disabled"; }; 上述代码只对dcmi做了基本的初始化,并没有针对不同的硬件设计做适配,所以需结合硬件补全设备树节点信息。 参考帮助文档及内核中其它STM32MP157设备树中对于dcmi的定义,修改dcmi内容如下: &dcmi { status = "okay"; pinctrl-names = "default", "sleep"; pinctrl-0 = <&dcmi_pins_a>; pinctrl-1 = <&dcmi_sleep_pins_a>; port { dcmi_0: endpoint { remote-endpoint = <&ov5640_0>; bus-width = <8>; hsync-active = <0>; vsync-active = <0>; pclk-sample = <1>; pclk-max-frequency = <77000000>; }; }; }; 由于stm32mp15-pinctrl.dtsi中对于DCMI管脚的定义与FS-MP1A实际使用管脚一致,所以无需修改
FS-MP1A支持多款COMS Camera,本节以ov5640为例: 参考文档: Documentation/devicetree/bindings/media/i2c/ov5640.txt 参考帮助文档及内核中其它STM32MP157设备树中对于ov5640的定义,修改dcmi内容如下: ov5640: camera@3c { compatible = "ovti,ov5640"; reg = <0x3c>; clocks = <&clk_ext_camera>; clock-names = "xclk"; DOVDD-supply = <&v2v8>; powerdown-gpios = <&gpioa 4 (GPIO_ACTIVE_HIGH | GPIO_PUSH_PULL)>; reset-gpios = <&gpioa 3 (GPIO_ACTIVE_LOW | GPIO_PUSH_PULL)>; rotation = <180>; status = "okay"; port { ov5640_0: endpoint { remote-endpoint = <&dcmi_0>; bus-width = <8>; data-shift = <2>; /* lines 9:2 are used */ hsync-active = <0>; vsync-active = <0>; pclk-sample = <1>; pclk-max-frequency = <77000000>; }; }; };
前文已经说过如何添加电源节点,本节不再重复,在根节点添加&v2v8节点,内容如下: v2v8_audio: regulator-v2v8 { compatible = "regulator-fixed"; regulator-name = "v2v8"; regulator-min-microvolt = <2800000>; regulator-max-microvolt = <2800000>; regulator-always-on; regulator-boot-on; };
参考文档: Documentation/devicetree/bindings/clock/fixed-clock.yaml 参考帮助文档或内核中其他设备树文件,对于时钟的定义,增加内容如下: clocks { clk_ext_camera: clk-ext-camera { #clock-cells = <0>; compatible = "fixed-clock"; clock-frequency = <24000000>; }; }; 2.实验目的 熟悉基于Linux操作系统下的摄像头设备驱动移植配置过程。 3.实验平台 华清远见开发环境,FS-MP1A平台; 4.实验步骤
linux@ubuntu:$ source /opt/st/stm32mp1/3.1-openstlinux-5.4-dunfell-mp1-20-06-24/environment-setup-cortexa7t2hf-neon-vfpv4-ostl-linux-gnueabi
修改arch/arm/boot/dts/stm32mp15xx-fsmp1x.dtsi文件,在文件末尾添加如下内容: &dcmi { status = "okay"; pinctrl-names = "default", "sleep"; pinctrl-0 = <&dcmi_pins_a>; pinctrl-1 = <&dcmi_sleep_pins_a>; port { dcmi_0: endpoint { remote-endpoint = <&ov5640_0>; bus-width = <8>; hsync-active = <0>; vsync-active = <0>; pclk-sample = <1>; pclk-max-frequency = <77000000>; }; }; };
修改arch/arm/dts/stm32mp15xx-fsmp1x.dtsi文件,在I2C5节点中添加OV5640设备信息,红色字体为增加内容: &i2c5 { pinctrl-names = "default", "sleep"; pinctrl-0 = <&i2c5_pins_a>; …… ov5640: camera@3c { compatible = "ovti,ov5640"; reg = <0x3c>; clocks = <&clk_ext_camera>; clock-names = "xclk"; DOVDD-supply = <&v2v8>; powerdown-gpios = <&gpioa 4 (GPIO_ACTIVE_HIGH | GPIO_PUSH_PULL)>; reset-gpios = <&gpioa 3 (GPIO_ACTIVE_LOW | GPIO_PUSH_PULL)>; rotation = <180>; status = "okay"; port { ov5640_0: endpoint { remote-endpoint = <&dcmi_0>; bus-width = <8>; data-shift = <2>; /* lines 9:2 are used */ hsync-active = <0>; vsync-active = <0>; pclk-sample = <1>; pclk-max-frequency = <77000000>; }; }; }; };
修改arch/arm/dts/stm32mp15xx-fsmp1x.dtsi文件,在根节点最后添加2.8V电源和24M时钟,红色字体为增加内容: / { memory@c0000000 { device_type = "memory"; reg = <0xc0000000 0x20000000>; }; …… v2v8: regulator-2p8v { compatible = "regulator-fixed"; regulator-name = "v2v8"; regulator-min-microvolt = <2800000>; regulator-max-microvolt = <2800000>; regulator-always-on; regulator-boot-on; }; clocks { clk_ext_camera: clk-ext-camera { #clock-cells = <0>; compatible = "fixed-clock"; clock-frequency = <24000000>; }; }; };
配置内核支持ov5640,并列出主要选项,如下 linux@ubuntu:$ make menuconfig Device Drivers ---> <*> Multimedia support --->
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