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在上一篇 STM32笔记之 GPIO引脚中,有用到 EXIT外部中断作为 Key输入触发,所以本篇来诠释一下 EXIT外部中断的功能。
一、EXIT控制原理 二、外部中断的 I/O映像 从上面图中我们可以发现,每一组端口都对应着相应的 “ 线 ”,先称之为线吧! 其中,还有 4条 EXIT线是特殊的,看上图 三、中断服务 #define EXTI_Line0 ((uint32_t)0x00001) /*!《 External interrupt line 0 */ #define EXTI_Line1 ((uint32_t)0x00002) /*!《 External interrupt line 1 */ #define EXTI_Line2 ((uint32_t)0x00004) /*!《 External interrupt line 2 */ #define EXTI_Line3 ((uint32_t)0x00008) /*!《 External interrupt line 3 */ #define EXTI_Line4 ((uint32_t)0x00010) /*!《 External interrupt line 4 */ #define EXTI_Line5 ((uint32_t)0x00020) /*!《 External interrupt line 5 */ #define EXTI_Line6 ((uint32_t)0x00040) /*!《 External interrupt line 6 */ #define EXTI_Line7 ((uint32_t)0x00080) /*!《 External interrupt line 7 */ #define EXTI_Line8 ((uint32_t)0x00100) /*!《 External interrupt line 8 */ #define EXTI_Line9 ((uint32_t)0x00200) /*!《 External interrupt line 9 */ #define EXTI_Line10 ((uint32_t)0x00400) /*!《 External interrupt line 10 */ #define EXTI_Line11 ((uint32_t)0x00800) /*!《 External interrupt line 11 */ #define EXTI_Line12 ((uint32_t)0x01000) /*!《 External interrupt line 12 */ #define EXTI_Line13 ((uint32_t)0x02000) /*!《 External interrupt line 13 */ #define EXTI_Line14 ((uint32_t)0x04000) /*!《 External interrupt line 14 */ #define EXTI_Line15 ((uint32_t)0x08000) /*!《 External interrupt line 15 */ #define EXTI_Line16 ((uint32_t)0x10000) /*!《 External interrupt line 16 Connected to the PVD Output */ #define EXTI_Line17 ((uint32_t)0x20000) /*!《 External interrupt line 17 Connected to the RTC Alarm event */ #define EXTI_Line18 ((uint32_t)0x40000) /*!《 External interrupt line 18 Connected to the USB Device/USB OTG FS Wakeup from suspend event */ #define EXTI_Line19 ((uint32_t)0x80000) /*!《 External interrupt line 19 Connected to the Ethernet Wakeup event */ 以上的 EXIT线的宏都可以在 stm32f10x_exti.h文件中找到 上图的中断函数表可以在参考手册中找到,下面用一个表格来整合官方划分的中断函数 I/O 口外部中断函数中断线 EXTI0_IRQHandlerEXIT0 Line EXTI1_IRQHandlerEXIT1 Line EXTI2_IRQHandlerEXIT2 Line EXTI3_IRQHandlerEXIT3 Line EXTI4_IRQHandlerEXIT4 Line EXTI9_5_IRQHandlerEXIT5 - 9 Line EXTI15_10_IRQHandlerEXIT10 - 15 Line 因为在官方提供的 stm32f10x_it.c文件中,所列出来的中断函数只有下图的部分重要的中断,其他外设中断函数需要我们自己添加 外设的中断需要我们自己添加,官方在 stm32f10x_it.c文件的底部也有注释说明,看下图 四、配置流程(代码解析) 在上一篇配置 Key输入检测的代码中,如下进行配置 其中,上图框选的部分是跟 EXIT是相关联的,你可能会问 NVIC是干嘛的,别急,下篇再解释; 在分析 EXTI函数之前先来了解一下两个组定义 /** * @brief EXTI Trigger enumeration */ typedef enum { EXTI_Trigger_Rising = 0x08, // 上升沿触发 EXTI_Trigger_Falling = 0x0C, // 下降沿触发 EXTI_Trigger_Rising_Falling = 0x10 // 上下沿触发 }EXTITrigger_TypeDef; /** * @brief EXTI Init Structure definition */ typedef struct { uint32_t EXTI_Line; /*!《 Specifies the EXTI lines to be enabled or disabled. This parameter can be any combination of @ref EXTI_Lines */ EXTIMode_TypeDef EXTI_Mode; /*!《 Specifies the mode for the EXTI lines. This parameter can be a value of @ref EXTIMode_TypeDef */ EXTITrigger_TypeDef EXTI_Trigger; /*!《 Specifies the trigger signal active edge for the EXTI lines. This parameter can be a value of @ref EXTIMode_TypeDef */ FunctionalState EXTI_LineCmd; /*!《 Specifies the new state of the selected EXTI lines. This parameter can be set either to ENABLE or DISABLE */ }EXTI_InitTypeDef; 1、GPIO_EXTILineConfig() 函数 /* Connect EXTI1 Line to PB.01 pin */ GPIO_EXTILineConfig(GPIO_PortSourceGPIOB, GPIO_PinSource1); // 将 EXTI1线连接到 PB.01引脚 ↓↓ 函数实现 ↓↓ /** * @brief Selects the GPIO pin used as EXTI Line. * @param GPIO_PortSource: selects the GPIO port to be used as source for EXTI lines. * This parameter can be GPIO_PortSourceGPIOx where x can be (A..G)。 * @param GPIO_PinSource: specifies the EXTI line to be configured. * This parameter can be GPIO_PinSourcex where x can be (0..15)。 * @retval None */ void GPIO_EXTILineConfig(uint8_t GPIO_PortSource, uint8_t GPIO_PinSource) { uint32_t tmp = 0x00; /* Check the parameters */ assert_param(IS_GPIO_EXTI_PORT_SOURCE(GPIO_PortSource)); assert_param(IS_GPIO_PIN_SOURCE(GPIO_PinSource)); tmp = ((uint32_t)0x0F) 《《 (0x04 * (GPIO_PinSource & (uint8_t)0x03)); AFIO-》EXTICR[GPIO_PinSource 》》 0x02] &= ~tmp; AFIO-》EXTICR[GPIO_PinSource 》》 0x02] |= (((uint32_t)GPIO_PortSource) 《《 (0x04 * (GPIO_PinSource & (uint8_t)0x03))); } 2、EXTI_Init()函数 /* Configure EXTI1 line */ EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Line = EXTI_Line1; // 选着 EXIT1线 EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Mode = EXTI_Mode_Interrupt; // 配置为输入模式 EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Trigger = EXTI_Trigger_Falling; // 下降沿触发 EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_LineCmd = ENABLE; // 使能 EXIT1线 EXTI_Init(&EXTI_InitStructure); ↓↓ 函数实现 ↓↓ /** * @brief Initializes the EXTI peripheral according to the specified * parameters in the EXTI_InitStruct. * @param EXTI_InitStruct: pointer to a EXTI_InitTypeDef structure * that contains the configuration information for the EXTI peripheral. * @retval None */ void EXTI_Init(EXTI_InitTypeDef* EXTI_InitStruct) { uint32_t tmp = 0; /* Check the parameters */ assert_param(IS_EXTI_MODE(EXTI_InitStruct-》EXTI_Mode)); assert_param(IS_EXTI_TRIGGER(EXTI_InitStruct-》EXTI_Trigger)); assert_param(IS_EXTI_LINE(EXTI_InitStruct-》EXTI_Line)); assert_param(IS_FUNCTIONAL_STATE(EXTI_InitStruct-》EXTI_LineCmd)); tmp = (uint32_t)EXTI_BASE; if (EXTI_InitStruct-》EXTI_LineCmd != DISABLE) { /* Clear EXTI line configuration */ EXTI-》IMR &= ~EXTI_InitStruct-》EXTI_Line; EXTI-》EMR &= ~EXTI_InitStruct-》EXTI_Line; tmp += EXTI_InitStruct-》EXTI_Mode; *(__IO uint32_t *) tmp |= EXTI_InitStruct-》EXTI_Line; /* Clear Rising Falling edge configuration */ EXTI-》RTSR &= ~EXTI_InitStruct-》EXTI_Line; EXTI-》FTSR &= ~EXTI_InitStruct-》EXTI_Line; /* Select the trigger for the selected external interrupts */ if (EXTI_InitStruct-》EXTI_Trigger == EXTI_Trigger_Rising_Falling) { /* Rising Falling edge */ EXTI-》RTSR |= EXTI_InitStruct-》EXTI_Line; EXTI-》FTSR |= EXTI_InitStruct-》EXTI_Line; } else { tmp = (uint32_t)EXTI_BASE; tmp += EXTI_InitStruct-》EXTI_Trigger; *(__IO uint32_t *) tmp |= EXTI_InitStruct-》EXTI_Line; } } else { tmp += EXTI_InitStruct-》EXTI_Mode; /* Disable the selected external lines */ *(__IO uint32_t *) tmp &= ~EXTI_InitStruct-》EXTI_Line; } } 3、EXTI_GenerateSWInterrupt()函数 /* Generate software interrupt: simulate a falling edge applied on EXTI1 line */ EXTI_GenerateSWInterrupt(EXTI_Line1); // 生成软件中断:模拟应用于 EXTI1线路的下降沿 ↓↓ 函数实现 ↓↓ /** * @brief Generates a Software interrupt. * @param EXTI_Line: specifies the EXTI lines to be enabled or disabled. * This parameter can be any combination of EXTI_Linex where x can be (0..19)。 * @retval None */ void EXTI_GenerateSWInterrupt(uint32_t EXTI_Line) { /* Check the parameters */ assert_param(IS_EXTI_LINE(EXTI_Line)); EXTI-》SWIER |= EXTI_Line; } 五、中断函数处理 /** * @brief This function handles External line 1 interrupt request. * @param None * @retval None */ void EXTI1_IRQHandler(void) { if(EXTI_GetITStatus(EXTI_Line1) != RESET) // 检测 EXIT线路是否触发 { /* Clear the EXTI line 1 pending bit */ EXTI_ClearITPendingBit(EXTI_Line1); // 清除 EXIT线路触发标志 } } |
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