在passthrough中使用GPU进行测试

我忘了添加nvidia-smi在Windows上Vm也没有显示太多数据，因为WDDM禁止它获取GPU内存使用。
当我有12个用户使用NASA worldwind客户端登录时，GPU使用率显示为0％，我怀疑这一点。



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I forgot to add that nvidia-smi on the windows Vm does not show much data either, because WDDM is prohibitnig it from getting GPU memory usage. GPU usage shows 0%, which I doubt, when i have 12 users logged in with a NASA worldwind client.

嗨威廉，
你能否确认你没有使用vGPU的驱动程序。
如果你是，你可以从这里切换到直通驱动程序。
http://www.nvidia.co.uk/download/driverResults.aspx/78323/en-uk



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Hi William,

Can you confirm that you're not using the driver for vGPU.

If you are, can you switch to the passthrough driver from here.


http://www.nvidia.co.uk/download/driverResults.aspx/78323/en-uk

是的，我使用的是vGPU驱动程序332.83。
我需要vGPU使用Xenapp将GPU切片，以便将应用程序分发给尽可能多的用户。



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Yes, I am using the vGPU driver 332.83.  I need vGPU to slice the GPU up with Xenapp to distribute the application to as many users as possible.

威廉，我不知道你如何配置这个。
如果您使用的是pass-thru，那么请为您的操作系统使用普通的NVIDIA驱动程序（Jason提供了上面的链接），这会将GPU固定到运行XenApp的客户端，并为其提供该GPU的全部性能。
或者您是否在XenServer上使用vGPU来共享GPU？
需要说明的是，vGPU与pass-thru不同，我认为XenApp不支持。
无论如何，双重共享（vGPU首先共享GPU，然后XenApp再次共享它）从性能角度来看并没有多大意义。
如果您能提供更多细节，我们可以为您进一步深入研究。



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William, I am unclear on how you have this configured.  If you are using pass-thru then use the normal NVIDIA driver for your OS (Jason provided a link above), this pins the GPU to that guest running XenApp and gives it the full performance of that GPU.  Or are you using vGPU on XenServer to share out the GPUs?  To be clear, vGPU is not the same as pass-thru, and I don't believe is supported with XenApp.  Regardless, double sharing (vGPU shares the GPU first, then XenApp shares it again) does not make a ton of sense from a performance stand point.  If you could provide more detail we can dig into this further for you.

好的，我删除了vGPU驱动程序并为windows 2008R2安装了332.84版本。
（340.84版本不会提取）。
我停止使用nvidia-smi.exe或Windows性能监视器看不到任何GPU利用率。



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OK, I removed the vGPU driver and installed 332.84 version for windows 2008R2. (the 340.84 version would not extract).  I stall cannot see any GPU utilization with nvidia-smi.exe or windows performance monitor.

您使用RDP连接到访客？



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Are you using RDP to connect to the guest?

不，我通过xenapp使用CITRIX ICA。
Nvidia-smi显示我正在使用的应用程序的PID，但内存使用情况是不充分的权限和NA的值。
是因为使用了WDDM驱动程序吗？
我正在测试K1和K2卡，无法确定我应该使用哪种卡，因为我没有任何数据可以根据它。
我的NASA worldwind看起来很适合20个用户，但我需要数据来证明可扩展性和视频卡的选择。
谢谢，威利哈灵顿



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No, I am useing CITRIX ICA via xenapp.  Nvidia-smi shows the PID for the applications I am using, but memory usage as insuffieicnt permissions and a value of NA. Is that because of the WDDM driver in use?  I am testing both K1 and K2 cards and cannot make a determination of which I should use, since I dont have any data to base it on. My NASA worldwind looks good for 20 users, but I need data to prove scalability and choice of video cards.  thanks, Willie Harrington

嗨威廉，
您当然可以在ICA会话中测量GPU信息。
您必须在服务器控制台上测量它。
由于这是一个虚拟机，并且由于XenCenter不允许您将控制台会话连接到具有GPU直通的虚拟机，因此您需要：
我成功地测试了以下监视服务器GPU资源的方法。
一个。
在ICA会话中使用Perfmon
湾
使用VNC建立控制台连接
C。
使用RDP建立控制台/管理员连接（请注意，您可以监控指标但无法通过RDP运行GPU应用程序，因为Windows禁用RDP会话的硬件加速）
d。
从域中的远程计算机连接。
这是在运行XenApp 7.5的Server 2012R2计算机上测试的
请记住，您正在测量整个服务器的资源，而不是会话，因为没有报告会话度量标准。



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Hi William,


You can certainly measure GPU information from within an ICA session.

You must measure it at the server console. Since this is a VM, and since XenCenter doesn't allow you to connect a console session to a VM with a GPU in passthrough you either need to:

I've sucessfully tested the following methods for monitoring the server GPU resources.

a. Using Perfmon in an ICA session
b. Use VNC to make a console connection
c. Use RDP to make a console / admin connection (note that you can monitor the metrics but can't run GPU applications through RDP as Windows disables hardware acceleration for RDP sessions)
d. Connecting from a remote machine in the domain.

This was tested on a Server 2012R2 machine running XenApp 7.5

Remember that you're measuring the resources for the whole server, not for the session as there are no session metrics reported.

要添加到上面的注释中，我认为问题的根本原因是vGPU驱动程序的原始用法。
如果您完全删除了这个和WMI包，然后再使用传递驱动程序启动，您应该会看到指标开始报告。
这链接到其中的快速视频，在ICA会话中进行报告
https://onedrive.live.com/redir?resid=399BC7F1B763D265!3487&authkey=!ANU_m_vj2KMZZ-Y&ithint=video%2cmov
我有一个扩展版本，一旦清理完就会发布到YouTube上，所以你可以看到，如果你使用正确的驱动程序，可以在ICA会话中进行监控。



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To add to my note above, I think that the root cause of your issue is the original use of the vGPU driver.

If you remove this and the WMI pack completely, then start again with the pass-through driver you should see the metrics start reporting.

This links to a quick video of it in action, reporting within the ICA session


https://onedrive.live.com/redir?resid=399BC7F1B763D265!3487&authkey=!ANU_m_vj2KMZZ-Y&ithint=video%2cmov


I've an extended version which I'll post to YouTube once it's cleaned up, so you can see that it is possible to monitor within an ICA session, if you use the right driver.

当我删除WMI包时，我不再在Nvidia的性能监视器下看到任何选项。
我确实得到GPU-Z给我一些数据，附上。
通过K2卡时我应该使用的最大内存是多少？
我没有URL发布图片，但我显示最多31％的GPU负载和1047 MD专用memoyr和431使用（动态）16个用户，每个播放一个mpg4视频，和NASA世界风。
[URL] [/ URL]



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When I removed the WMI pack, I dont see any options under performance monitor for Nvidia any longer.  I did get GPU-Z to give me some data, attached.  What is the max I should use for memory on a K2 card in pass through?  I dont have URL to post the pic, but I show a max of 31% for GPU load and 1047 MD dedicated memoyr and 431 usage (dynamic) for 16 users, each playing a mpg4 video, and NASA worldwind.

您是否也删除了驱动程序，重新启动然后安装340驱动程序？
这些是Server 2008R2和Server 2012R2的驱动程序，安装它们。
http://www.nvidia.com/download/driverResults.aspx/78297/en-us
不确定我理解这个问题。
你没有分配GPU内存直到它固定为每GPU 4GB（因此每卡8 GB）。
在XenApp中，共享由XenApp和服务器操作系统处理，您无法控制它并确定与任何XenApp工作负载一样加载测试所需的容量，因为负载不会线性增加利用率。



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Did you remove the drivers as well, reboot then install the 340 drivers?

These are the drivers for Server 2008R2 and Server 2012R2, install these.
http://www.nvidia.com/download/driverResults.aspx/78297/en-us




Not sure I understand this question. You don't allocate the GPU memory in passthrough it's fixed at 4GB per GPU (so 8 GB per Card).

In XenApp the sharing is handled by XenApp and the Server OS, you have no control over it and to determine capacity you would need to load test as with any XenApp workload as load doesn't increase utilisation linearly.

好的，按照正确的顺序完成后，我在性能管理器中获得了NVIDIA数据。
非常感谢。
现在，如何解释我所看到的。
有18个用户，我获得了61％的GPU利用率和1388 MB内存分配（我假设超过4 GB）和584个动态内存。
那么我能接近这个GPU的最大值吗？
我还注意到CPU 0和2的最大值为100％，但我想我将不得不接受CITRIX和Microsoft论坛。



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OK, after doing it in the correct order, I get the NVIDIA data in performance manager. Thanks much.
Now, how to interpret what I am seeing.  With 18 users, I am gettng 61% GPU utilization and 1388 MB memory allocation (I assume out of 4 GB) and 584 dynamic memory. So am I nearing the max I can expect from this one GPU?   I also notice that CPU 0 and 2 are maxed at 100%, but I guess I will have to take that up with CITRIX and Microsoft forums.

根据这些数字，您可能会获得额外的8-10个用户，将您推向90％的利用率区域。
CPU的最大值为100％的可能原因是ctxgfx.exe。
这是HDX编码器进程，它忙于将所有18个会话呈现30fps（或根据分辨率，CPU速度，可用资源等可以实现的任何内容）。
下面的视频显示了这种行为。
虽然在视频中我在Chrome中使用YouTube，但对CPU的影响是相同的。



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Based on the numbers you could probably get an additional 8-10 users on pushing you into 90% utilisation territory.

The likely reason for the CPU's being maxed at 100% is ctxgfx.exe. This is the HDX encoder process which is busy rendering all 18 of those sessions a 30fps (or whatever it can achieve based on resolution, CPU speed, available resource etc).

The video below shows just this behaviour. Although in the video I'm using YouTube in Chrome, the effect on the CPU is the same.

你是如何使用Xenapp获得如此优秀的视频质量的？
没有无损HDX？
我的测试显示非常模糊的视频，我的视频播放器或带有.mpg4文件的Windows媒体播放器。
我有足够的CPU资源。
我只使用Open Gl。 
我重新测试了XenDesktop 7.1，HDX在世界上发挥了重要作用。
非常接近本机视频播放器性能。



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How did you get such good video quality with Xenapp? without lossless HDX?  My testing showed very fuzzy videos, with my video player or Windows media player with .mpg4 files.  I had plenty of CPU resources remaining.  I am using Open Gl exclusively.
  I retested on XenDesktop 7.1 and the HDX made all the difference in the world. Pretty near native video player performance.